Alexandria, Egypt, is a city steeped in history, culture, and Mediterranean charm. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, this ancient metropolis has long been a bridge between civilizations, blending Greek, Roman, and Egyptian influences. As Egypt’s second-largest city and a major port, Alexandria has played a crucial role in trade, learning, and culture throughout the centuries.
Known for its iconic landmarks, including the legendary Lighthouse of Alexandria—one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World—and the once-glorious Library of Alexandria, the city has been a hub for knowledge and commerce since antiquity. Today, modern Alexandria is a vibrant, bustling coastal city that offers a mix of historic sites, stunning waterfront views, and rich cultural heritage.
Whether exploring the city’s historical treasures, strolling along its Mediterranean coastline, or experiencing its dynamic modern life, Alexandria remains a captivating destination that tells the story of both ancient and contemporary Egypt.
Book Flights to Alexandria
Best Time To Visit
The best time to visit Alexandria is during the spring (March to May) and fall (September to November) when the weather is mild and pleasant. During these seasons, temperatures range from 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), making it perfect for sightseeing and outdoor activities. Summer months can be hot and humid, while winter, though cooler, brings occasional rain. Visiting in the shoulder seasons allows travelers to enjoy the city’s attractions without the crowds or extreme heat, offering a more comfortable and enjoyable experience.
sites to see
The Citadel of Qaitbay
Perched on the eastern tip of Pharos Island, the Citadel of Qaitbay is one of Alexandria’s most iconic landmarks. Built in 1477 AD by Sultan Qaitbay, this fortress was constructed on the ruins of the legendary Lighthouse of Alexandria. The citadel was designed to protect the city from invading forces and offers stunning panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea. Inside, visitors can explore the fortress’ chambers and learn about its rich history as a military stronghold during the Mamluk and Ottoman periods.
Bibliotheca Alexandrina
A modern revival of the ancient Library of Alexandria, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a stunning cultural and architectural marvel. Opened in 2002, the library is dedicated to knowledge and learning, housing millions of books in various languages. The structure features a striking circular design, with a tilted glass roof symbolizing the dawn of knowledge. In addition to its vast library, it hosts museums, art galleries, and a planetarium, making it a must-visit destination for history lovers and curious minds alike.
Kom El-Dikka (Roman Amphitheater and Archaeological Park)
Kom El-Dikka is an impressive archaeological site that offers a glimpse into Alexandria’s Roman past. Discovered in the 1960s, this site features a well-preserved Roman amphitheater, which once hosted public performances and gatherings. The site also includes Roman baths, residential quarters, and ancient streets, providing insight into daily life during Roman rule. Visitors can wander through the ruins and imagine the grandeur of ancient Alexandria as a cultural and intellectual center of the Roman Empire.
Montaza Palace and Gardens
Montaza Palace, built in the late 19th century, is a grand royal residence set within lush, sprawling gardens along Alexandria’s Mediterranean coastline. Originally constructed by Khedive Abbas II as a summer palace, the palace’s architecture is an elegant mix of Ottoman and Florentine styles. Although the palace itself is not open to the public, the surrounding Montaza Gardens are a tranquil retreat, offering beautiful views of the sea, palm tree-lined pathways, and manicured flower beds. It’s a perfect spot for a leisurely stroll or a relaxing picnic.
Pompey’s Pillar and the Serapeum
Pompey’s Pillar is a towering, 30-meter-high granite column that dates back to 297 AD, erected in honor of the Roman Emperor Diocletian. It stands as the tallest ancient monument in Alexandria and is part of the larger Serapeum complex, which was once a temple dedicated to the Greco-Egyptian deity Serapis. Though little of the temple remains today, the pillar and nearby sphinxes offer a fascinating glimpse into Alexandria’s Greco-Roman period. The site is both an archaeological treasure and a testament to the city’s rich history as a center of Hellenistic and Roman culture.
How To get there
By Air: Alexandria is served by Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE), located about 40 km (25 miles) southwest of the city center. The airport handles both domestic and international flights, connecting Alexandria to cities across the Middle East, Europe, and Africa. From the airport, you can take a taxi, ride-share, or shuttle service to reach the city, with a travel time of approximately 45 minutes to 1 hour depending on traffic.
By Train: Egypt’s rail network makes traveling to Alexandria by train a convenient and scenic option. Trains run frequently between Alexandria and Cairo, with the journey taking around 2-3 hours. You can choose from standard, first-class, or sleeper trains, with services departing from Cairo’s Ramses Station. The train arrives at Misr Station in central Alexandria, making it easy to access major tourist sites.
By Bus: Several bus companies operate routes from Cairo and other major Egyptian cities to Alexandria. Buses typically depart from Cairo’s Turgoman or Abbasiya bus stations, with travel times ranging from 3 to 4 hours depending on traffic. Companies like GoBus and SuperJet offer comfortable, air-conditioned services with multiple daily departures.
By Car: If you prefer to drive, Alexandria is about 220 km (137 miles) from Cairo and can be reached in 2-3 hours by car via the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road or the Cairo-Alexandria Agricultural Road. Both highways are well-maintained, but traffic can be heavy, especially during peak travel times. Rental cars are available in Cairo, and some travelers opt for private transfers or taxis for a more comfortable trip.
By Sea: For those arriving from Mediterranean countries, Alexandria is also accessible by sea. The city is a major Mediterranean port, and while regular passenger ferry services are limited, private yachts or cruise ships occasionally dock in Alexandria. If you’re arriving by sea, the Alexandria Port Authority offers customs and immigration services for international visitors.
